A
well-established concept today, the term eLearning
has actually only been in existence since 1999. Short for ‘electronic
learning’, eLearning usually involves using a computer, tablet or some other
type of electronic device to deliver some sort of lesson or learning, either as
a full course, or in conjunction with more traditional learning methods. In
order to fully understand the history of eLearning, we need to first delve deep
into its past, long before the Internet even existed. Some say that eLearning
dates back to the 19th century, although author, consultant and
eLearning researcher Terry T. Kidd
states: “It is important to note that there is no single evolutionary point of which the eLearning originated nor is there a single agreed definition of eLearning.”
As far back
as the 1840s, Isaac Pitman was conducting distance classes where he taught
pupils to write in shorthand via a series of correspondence mailed back and
forth between himself and his students. Whilst the ‘electronic’ is missing from
this type of learning, this is a method of remote learning that is synonymous
with eLearning. In 1924, an intelligence testing machine was invented
called the ‘Automatic
Teacher’ to allow students to test themselves without the need for a
teacher. Exactly thirty years later, this was followed by the invention of the ‘Teaching Machine’ by Harvard Professor, B. F. Skinner. However, it wasn’t until the following decade in the '60s when
the world’s very first computer based training program was created and this
became known as PLATO (Programmed Logic for Automated Teaching Operation).
When they
were first created, eLearning systems simply delivered information to students
via a computer but, as time progressed, they became more complex and
interactive, allowing students to communicate with the program rather than
just reading information off a screen. In the UK, eLearning really came into
its own when the Open University started using online systems to deliver
courses to students. Previously, they had had to post course materials out to
students and all interactions with tutors and teachers were carried out by
mail too.
As it drew
closer to the information age, the invention of the computer and the internet boosted the capabilities of eLearning. As computers were mass
marketed and became more popular in homes and schools, eLearning allowed
education and knowledge to be accessible to anyone with a computer, regardless
of whether they could afford further education, where the lived or how much
time they had. By the start of millennium, businesses also began to see
the benefits of using eLearning for training employees.
Today, eLearning is as popular as it’s ever been and with the likes of
YouTube, Skype, iTunes U and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOG), it’s never been
easier or more fun to engage in eLearning. There’s no knowing where the
technology will take us.
The History of eLearning
|
|
Year
|
Key Events
|
1924
|
The first intelligence testing machine – Automatic Teacher
|
1954
|
The first Teaching Machine
|
1960
|
CBT - PLATO
|
1966
|
Computer Aided Instruction in schools
|
1969
|
Precursor to the Internet created - ARPANET
|
1970
|
Computer mouse & GUI invented
|
1980
|
Computers begin to be mass marketed
|
1990
|
First digital
natives born (i.e. people born with computer access)
|
2000
|
Businesses adopt
eLearning
|
2010
|
Social websites
boost online learning
|
By Laura Caldwell